The Cannondale geometry chart is helpful, but the combination of headset top cap and spacers, plus your stem angle would be valuable too. Most standard headset tops are 15mm these days, but adding 20mm of spacer would increase that to 35mm.
A standard Chris King headset has a stack of 28mm, to add to the head tube length listed in the geometry chart, but up to 20mm of spacers can be added without looking too dorky.
The 58cm traditional frame comes the closest to your 56cm C'dale. The top tube is 4mm longer, but the seat tube angle is .5 degree less, which means that the saddle would be a little further forward to place the saddle in the same position relative to the BB and offset the longer top tube. The minimum head tube length,with the headset would be about 179mm.
The problem with this size may be the standover height being too tall.
The shorter reach on the 56cm would require a 110mm stem since the steeper STA requires the saddle to be moved a 5-6mm further back on the post, but the head tube is 15mm shorter. Adding more spacers reduces the reach.
Back in the days when Colnago geometry was developed, the concept of frame reach was not in play and you often see very little difference in reach between two sizes, since the increase in TT length was at least partially cancelled out by decrease in the STA, as the sizes get larger.
https://www.colnago.com/wp-content/u...RADITIONAL.pdf
Here's a picture of my first C-40, a 55cm, probably from 2002. Back then I made the mistake of buying frames that fit my leg length better than my torso length, but I always used a setback seat post and a 110mm stem. Back then nearly all bars and the common ramp down angle that place the brake hoods lower than the top of the bars. These days, most bars place the brake hoods higher.
At the same time, I had just built up a new 54cm C-40 and planned to sell the first one.
Today, I ride what would be the equivalent of a 52cm traditional frame, but it's called a 48cm, based on the seat tube length. I use a lot more drop, but I could easily raise the bars by 2cm with a -6 stem instead of a -17.