[Pastashop]

So I’m getting curious about the construction and materials used for bicycle cranks, including the newest carbon cranks. (Aluminum, steel, titanium are interesting, too, but I haven’t seen (m)any examples that deal adequately from a sound engineering perspective with fundamental shortcomings in the various failure modes.) It seems like for most there’s a metal spine over which the carbon is wrapped or molded, but I’m curious how the spindle is fixed, what material is used for the spindle, the spine, and pedal hole. Anyone have further info or sources for the info?

TIA!