I recently learned of bee space. A specific range of space that allows bees to be raised in manmade hives. If the space is either too big or too small, the bees fill it with stuff (resin or extra wax comb).
So, that quirk of nature allows us to place frames within the range that the bees will not fill it in, and thus be able to operate the hive with removable frames.
https://bees4life.org/blog/bees-as-e...-the-bee-space